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A flexible PHP template engine used by the Symfony framework. Features sandboxing and template inheritance.
Fabien Potencier created Twig in 2009 as a modern template engine for PHP, designed to replace the ad-hoc template approaches that had proliferated in the PHP ecosystem with a secure, fast, and developer-friendly alternative. Twig became the default template engine for the Symfony framework and is also the theming layer for Drupal 8 and later, giving it a massive installed base across enterprise and content management applications. The engine introduces a clean syntax with {{ }} for output, {% %} for logic, and {# #} for comments, along with a powerful feature set including template inheritance (extends/block), template composition (include, embed, use), macros for reusable snippets, and an extensive filter and function library.
Twig's sandbox mode allows running untrusted templates safely by restricting available tags, filters, and functions — a critical feature for CMS platforms where end users may edit templates. The engine compiles templates to optimized PHP classes on first render, then caches them for subsequent requests, providing performance comparable to native PHP templates. Twig's auto-escaping system prevents XSS vulnerabilities by default, escaping output based on the context (HTML, JavaScript, CSS, or URL).
The extension system allows developers to add custom filters, functions, tags, and node visitors that integrate seamlessly with the template syntax. Twig supports multiple output formats beyond HTML, including plain text, XML, and CSS. The engine's clear error messages with line numbers and template file references make debugging straightforward compared to PHP's native template alternatives.
Twig template changes affect the entire presentation layer of Symfony and Drupal applications, where a single block override can restructure page layout across dozens of pages. Comparing Twig files catches modified extends chains that change template inheritance, altered macro signatures that break call sites throughout the project, changed auto-escaping contexts that introduce XSS vulnerabilities, and updated conditional blocks that hide or reveal content sections.
CMS developers reviewing Drupal theme changes need precise diffs to verify that template overrides produce the intended rendering across different content types.
UtraDiff renders Twig template files in a diff editor with Twig syntax highlighting, distinguishing block tags, variable expressions, and filters. Side-by-side and inline views reveal changes to template inheritance chains, macro definitions, and conditional rendering logic.
The whitespace-ignore toggle filters indentation changes common when restructuring template layouts. Keyboard navigation jumps between diff hunks for efficient review of Symfony and Drupal theme modifications.
Supported extensions: .twig